What is the difference between simple and sworn translation, and when do I need it?

Sworn official translation

A sworn translation is performed by a certified Sworn Translator-Interpreter appointed by the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation. It includes the translator's official certification, signature, and stamp, accompanied by a copy of the original source document. It holds full legal validity and is accepted across all public and private entities in Spain.

When a sworn translation is legally required

• Immigration procedures: criminal background checks, birth and marriage certificates, academic diplomas.
• Notaries and public registries: foreign powers of attorney, commercial deeds, death certificates, wills.
• Tax Agency and Social Security: foreign tax residency certificates, corporate contracts, foreign employment records.
• Court proceedings and formal administrative appeals.

When a standard translation is sufficient

For internal, informative, or commercial purposes: understanding a contract before signing, corresponding with a business, or reading informational brochures. We clarify what is required so you do not incur unnecessary sworn translation costs.

Apostille and legalization

A sworn translation does not replace the Hague Apostille or consular legalization of the original source document, which certifies foreign signature authenticity. Often both are required; we explain the exact sequence of steps to follow.